LOCATION NEWARK KY+IL IN MO OH PA TN VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Aeric Fluvaquents
TYPICAL PEDON: Newark silt loam--cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--O to 9 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 1O inches thick)
Bw--9 to 15 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; ; weak fine granular structure; very friable; few roots; many fine and medium faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few small flakes of mica; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 16 inches thick)
Bg--15 to 32 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many medium distinct brown (10YR 4/3) masses as iron accumulations; few small flakes of mica; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (5 to 3O inches thick)
Cg--32 to 52 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; massive; very friable; common coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and common medium distinct brown (10YR 5/3) masses as iron accumulations; few weakly cemented, small irregularly shaped black (N2.5/0)and dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) manganese and iron nodules; few small flakes of mica; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (15 to 4O inches thick)
C--52 to 6O inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam with thin strata of loam and silty clay loam; massive; very friable; many medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; few weakly cemented, irregularly shaped black(N2.5/0) and dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) manganese and iron nodules; few small flakes of mica; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Daviess County, Kentucky; three miles northwest of Owensboro, 1/2 mile north of Ben Hawes Park, 1000 feet south of railroad and 400 feet west of Willett Road. USGS Quad: Owensboro West, KY; latitude: (unknown); longitude: (unknown)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to bedrock is greater than 60 inches. Rock fragments, mostly pebbles, range from none to about 5 percent by volume to a depth of 3O inches but range from 5 to 15 percent below 3O inches and can range from 5 to 6O percent below 4O inches. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to slightly alkaline throughout the profile.
The Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5 moist (6 dry), and chroma of 2 to 4. Some pedons have thin layers less than 7 inches thick with value of 3 moist. Some pedons have redoximorphic features in shades of brown or gray. Texture is loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam.
Some pedons have a BA horizon with colors and textures similar to the Bw horizon.
The Bw has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. The horizon has few to many redoximorphic features in shades of brown, red, or gray. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam.
The Bg horizon has hue of 2.5Y to 7.5YR, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 2 or less, or is neutral. Few to many redoximorphic features are in shades of brown or red.. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam.
Some pedons have a BC horizon with colors and textures like those in the Bg, Cg, or Chorizon.
The Cg horizon has hue of 2.5Y to 7.5YR, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 2 or less, or is neutral. Few to many redoximorphic features are in shades of brown or red. Texture is silt loam, clay loam, silty clay loam or their gravelly analogs.
The C horizon, where present, has hue of 2.5Y to 7.5YR, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 3 or 4. Common to many redoximorphic features are in shades of gray, red, or brown. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam. Some pedons have thin strata of loam, fine sandy loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay..
COMPETING SERIES: The Euclid series in the same family. The Ackmore, Rahm, Puget, Woodinville, Lindside, Melvin series in closely related families. Euclid are on low stream terraces and formed in material derived from sandstone and shale. Ackmore soils have buried, black or very dark gray silty clay loam below 20 to 36 inches. The Puget and Woodinville soils have a different climate. Rahm soils have a buried soil within a depth of 20 to 36 inches and are acid. Lindside soils lack horizons with chroma of 2 or less within 24 inches of the surface. Melvin soils have dominant chroma of 2 or less in all subhorizons between the Ap and 30 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Nearly level flood plains and upland depressions.Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. The soils formed in mixed alluvium derived from limestone, shale, siltstone, sandstone, and loess with some glacial material. Near the type location the mean annual temperature ranges from 52 to 57 degrees F. and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 40 to 48 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the well drained Huntington, the moderately well drained Lindside, the poorly drained Melvin, and the very poorly drained Dunning soils. Other associated soils include the Ashton, Elk, Lawrence, Nolin, Weinbach, and Wheeling series. Ashton, Elk, and Wheeling soils are on terraces and have argillic horizons. Lawrence and Weinbach soils have fragipans. Nolin soils are well drained and are on flood plains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is negligible or very low. Permeability is moderate. Most areas are subject to flooding or ponding.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for growing corn, soybeans, sorghum, hay, or pasture. A few are wooded. Native vegetation was hardwoods, mostly water-tolerant oaks, maples, elms, sycamore, poplar, willow, shagbark hickory, ash, and canebrakes in places.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Kentucky, Tennessee, Indiana, Maryland, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, West Virginia, southern Missouri, and possibly Arkansas. . The
soil is of large extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Lexington, Kentucky
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Calhoun County, Alabama, 1959.
Remarks: Diagnostic horizons and features in the pedon are:
Ochric epipedon, 0 to 9 inches, Ap
Redoximorphic features -9 to 60 inches (Bw,Bg, Cg, C horizons)
The soil is in the process of being reclassified to another subgroup in the Inceptisol order. The correct subgroup for the series is not available and under development.